By significantly speeding up the removal and cleaning process, shutdown time is minimised and costs saved. In this unit gasketted joints are very large, therefore it is costly. We deliver effective nonintrusive inspection nii for heat exchanger vessels and apply this approach widely to the shell side. Induceddraft furnace heat exchanger inspection procedure. It is specially designed to be completely stressfree to promote longer equipment life and virtually no maintenance. Heat exchanger floating head and fin heat exchanger. During design of shell and tube heat exchanger layout, certain points need to be taken into consideration for optimal design. Other air leaks in the vicinity of the burners may also cause flame disturbances and should be corrected. Special designs are available for particulate ladened air streams, corrosive applications, high temperatures, and high pressures. Periodically maintain a heat exchanger maintenance.
Feb 26, 2015 14 floating head heat exchanger pg check bundle to shell gasket sealing check back cover gasket sealing fill shell side by water drain floating head heat exchanger shell side final hydrotest. A floating head heat exchanges is a type of shell and tube device with several components, including tubes, tube sheets, shell and shellside nozzles, tubeside channels and nozzles, channel covers, a pass divider and baffles. The bundle extractor or bundle puller consists in extracting the exchanger from its shell through the ad hoc machines, called aerial tube bundle extractor having a variable. Less heat transfer surface area given shell and tube size than other removable bundle designs.
Shell and tube heat exchangers these are most widely used types of heat. Dec 16, 20 most process shellandtube heat exchangers are manufactured to tubular exchanger manufacturers association tema standards. Temas standard test for heat exchangers reads as follows. The shell side and the tube side are to be tested separately in such a manner that leaks at the tube joints can be detected from at least one side. The heat exchanger inspection article provides you with information about the inspection of the heat exchanger and heat exchanger testing during the manufacturing phase, as well as inservice inspection in operating units. Gasket leak detection not possible on floating head. Installation, operation and maintenance manual for shell and tube heat exchangers headquarters. How shell and tube heat exchangers work engineering. There are several rear header types that can be used but the stype rear head is the most popular. The floating head exchanger consists of a stationary tubesheet and one floating tube sheet. Inspection of unit at regular intervals and as frequently as experience indicates, an examination should be made of the interior and the exterior of the heat exchanger. These heat exchangers are made from quality metal which is corrosion resistant and withstands tough weather condition.
Floating head support system for shell and tube heat exchanger. Along the length of the tubes tube tube sheet joints can be visually inspected and standard ndt techniques, like penetrant testing or magnetic testing can be utilized. This approach means inspection of the shell can take place without the need to remove the tube bundle. Both ends of u tube are fixed in the same tube sheet. In a shell and tube heat exchanger having a floating head and a floating tube sheet to which said floating head is connected during the assembly of said exchanger and having tubes connected to said tube sheet, the improvement which comprises a positioning support member extending outwardly from the face of said tube sheet near the upper end thereof in a direction opposite said. Equipment sizing and capital cost estimation 20 see section 16. The mechanical design of a shell and tube heat exchanger provides information on items such as shell thickness, flange thickness, etc. Sonomatic provides a range of inspection and integrity services for heat exchangers and tubing. Floating head versus u tube heat exchanger chemical. The actual outlet temperatures are calculated using the duty and fluid properties. Also, due to the remote operation of the cleaning lance, the process is safer than traditional.
Tubular heat exchanger inspection, maintenance, and repair will be your most valuable costcutting field manual. A heat exchanger is a devices used to transfer heat between mediums. And test of vessel and heat exchangers project standards and specifications page 2 of 20 rev. Fixed and floating head pressure comparison for madison ice. The simplest is a pullthrough design which allows the tube bundle to be pulled entirely through the shell for service or replacement. Sample activities for heat exchanger cleaning and inspection work activities and work steps are very useful information. Heat transfer equipment may be designated by type or function it performs, such as chiller, condenser, cooler reboiler, etc. Baffle spacing is adjusted to achieve maximum heat exchanger performance.
Above these pressures floating head gasket may start leaking. The figure0 shows a typical schematic diagram of a collar bolt assembly. Floating head fixed head utube kettle vaporizer equipment sizing and capital cost estimation 8 cfffcp pmlb purchase cost. Following are the most common type of heat exchangers.
The tubes and tube sheets can expands freely to accommodate the thermal expansion. With high reliability and wide adaptability, floating head heat exchanger has accumulated a wealth of experience during the long term using process, and promoted its. A floating head cover is bolted to the tube sheet and the entire bundle can be removed for cleaning and inspection of the interior. Heat exchanger dealers in uae heat exchangers are devices that are used to transfer heat from one medium to another or from one liquid to another without the two fluids having to come into contact with each other. The ring which is split in half to permit dismantling is placed at the back of the tube sheet shows the details of a split ring assembly.
Additionally, we take your heat exchanger tube bundle, and install it into our pressure tester. Fixed tube sheet heat exchanger chemical engineering world. Thermal expansion resulting due to the temperature difference between. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. If the heat transfer coefficients at the tube side and the shell side are known, the overall heat transfer coefficient u can be. The test pressure shall be held for at least 30 minutes. Heat transfer by shell and tube heat exchangers tema. There are many areas on a heat exchanger that you can not get to for visual inspections while the heat exchanger is in the furnace. This is a handson tech teaching tech workshop on greatly increasing your abilities at finding failure using the inspector camera. Apr 20, 2015 heat exchanger tubular inspection techniques. Heat exchanger inspection planning inspectioneering. Eventually, a leaking heat exchanger will cause an increase in operations costs. Top 10 cleaning and inspection challenges texas tower. Split ring type heat exchanger floating head joint leak.
Floating head heat exchangers are suitable for heavy duties associated with high temperature and. Collar bolts are a type of fastener that is extensively used to hold the bundle in the exact place for removable bundle heat exchangers. Ppt heat exchanger powerpoint presentation free to. Tubesheets in fixed and floating head heat exchangers. Multifrequency channel systems are capable of suppressing or mixing out the unwanted signals responses from supports in order to closely interrogate the material under and. There are a variety of methods of inspecting or testing heat exchangers. Continuation details install back cover with gasket water pump raise the pressure up to value given by inspection discharge the water, remove pg and. The utility model discloses a pressure testing fixture for floating head type heat exchangers, comprising a fixture flange ring which can be connected with a side flange on a shell at the floating head end in a sealing manner, wherein the fixture flange ring is internally provided with at least one otype sealing ring which makes a floating head tubular plate sealed together with the fixture.
Geometrical characteristics of tema heat exchangers and technological constraints. Provides a blocked path for the shellside medium, forcing the medium across the tubes for better heat exchanger performance. Basically one man at channel head side with an airgun and another at floating head side to plug the other end with a. Heat exchanger inspection training the inspector camera. Check piping design basis for exact requirements for the. The invention discloses an assembly for a pressure test of a floating head type heat exchanger. Head off heat exchanger errors chemical processing. We are manufacturing and supplying a robust and innovative assortment of heat exchanger floating head, thermic fluid heater, cooling towers and equipment, industrial plant, filtration units, etc. These are used when shell side fluid is clean and nonfouling. There is a major difference between the two heat exchangers. In floating head type heat exchanger, fluid runs through the tubes and another fluid flows over the tubes which transfer the heat between these two fluids.
Straight tube heat exchangers removable bundlesallow for sufficient clearance at the stationary head end for removal of the bundle from the shell and provide adequate space beyond the rear head to accommodate removal of the shell cover andor floating. Louisiana and texas heat exchanger leak detection services. We have included on that figure the nomenclature to be used in subsequent derivations. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Why are parts of my heat exchanger turning that red color. Cn102359850a assembly for pressure test of floating head.
Above these temperature differences problems of differential expansion arise. A fixed tube sheet heat exchanger is the most common type of heat exchanger in all industries. The primary focus on heat exchanger animation and graphic in the training course helps in very clearly understanding heat exchanger operating principle working principle maintenance procedures. We are able to detect large and very small leaks in heat exchangers before the leaks become a liability. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Some of these points are covered in following checklist. Searching documents and internet sources the following is what i found on heat exchanger inspection methods and sources. Types of heat exchanger according to construction the.
Heat exchanger inspection and testing galmukoff marine. The approximate outlet temperatures and associated viscosities are used only to estimate the viscosities at the tube wall temperature, which has a very small influence on the heat transfer coefficient. In general the tubes in the heat exchanger undergoes expansion when there is a temperature gradient, now if both side of the tubes are firmly fixed then it may bulge as there is no provision for expansion in order to avoid this the tube side bundl. A minor change in the head pressure control strategy to further float the head pressure can have a significant effect on refrigeration system performance. In the focus on finding failure advanced class for heat exchanger inspection training, each technician will learn how to increase their ability to be truly focused on finding failure to incredible levels. The learning with primary focus on multimedia outputs would definitely be an important aid in heat exchanger repair and related requirements. The choice of shell and tube type is determined chiefly by factors such as the need for the provision for differential movement between shell and tubes, the design pressure, the design temperature, and the fouling nature of the fluids rather than the function. Aug 18, 2014 this presentation is about maintenance procedure for floating head heat exchanger.
The floating tube heat exchanger is unlike any shell and tube heat exchanger. This ensures the channel removal without interrupting or breaking the seal between the shell and tube sheet. Exchanger inspection 101 visual inspection of shell and tube heat exchangers. Fixed and floating head heat exchanger constructions find widespread application in the power and process industries. Heat exchanger flanges, exchanger channels and shell covers, saddle support for horizontal equipment, equipment shell closure flanges, nozzles to which noninsulated piping is attached, tube unions, and tube and shell connectors on fintube exchangers also shall not be insulated unless specified otherwise or required for personnel protection. The inspection of heat exchangers is the one area of equipment inspection where i firmly advocate the use of a check list to make sure you got everything. Quick startup and shutdown is a major cause of heat exchanger damage. Find out information about internal floating head exchanger. Lowpressure boiler components and operation book 1 chapter 17 steam traps. Floating head designs of head exchangers in an effort to reduce thermal stresses and provide a means to remove the tube bundle for cleaning, several floating rear head designs have been established. Our leak test procedures exceed the requirements of asme, asnt and other applicable codes. Mostly used in higherpressure and higher temperature applications. The floating tubes sheet is clamped between the floating head and a clamp ring. Internal rotating inspection system iris is one of the most commonly used methods.
Tubeandshell heat exchanger in which the tube sheet at one end of the tube bundle is free to move explanation of internal floating head exchanger. Tetra pak tubular heat exchanger cmr, multitube for producttoproduct heat recovery of lowviscosity products. The exchanger shall be hydrostatically tested with water. We have been facing frequent failures in floating head joint of split ring type shell and tube heat exchangers. This type of exchangers consists of tubes which are bent in the form of a u. Heat exchanger hydrotesting procedures chemical plant.
This section covers the advantages and limitations of a few available methods to heat exchanger tubular inspection and some notsocommon methods that have specialized applications. Collar bolts to maintain removable bundles in heat exchangers. Shell and tube heat exchanger can further be divided into 4 major categories. Welded joints are to be sufficiently cleaned prior to testing the exchanger to permit proper inspection during the test. Inspection of the entire length of heat exchanger tubes however brings along a few extra challenges. The assembly comprises a doublecylinder assembly which is connected with a side flange on a shell of a floating head. Industrial equipments from hyderabad, telangana, india. This is the floating head type heat exchanger floating tubesheet can slide inside the shell floating head contains the tube sidefluid the shell closure contains the shell side fluid this is the floating head heat exchanger. Internal floatinghead exchanger article about internal. If these disturbances are significant and cannot be corrected by eliminating the air leaks near the burners, skip to step 5. Heat exchanger glossary mechpro heat exchanger parts and.
Heat exchangers are used in engines of cars, ships, and planes to improve the efficiency of the engine and are also used in refrigerators and air conditioners. U tubes can expand or contract freely and uniformly. A floating head is excellent for applications where the difference in temperature between the hot and cold fluid causes unacceptable stresses in the axial direction of the shell and tubes. Course emthedes heat exchangers certification ifp training. With floating head pressure control, the head pressure changes as a function of the ambient wet bulb temperature for water cooled and evaporatively condensed systems. If you know the scope, steps and activities, schedule, resources and cost plan can be developed easily and monitored. Shellandtube heat exchanger t th,out c,out t c,in t h,in. The costliest of all basic types of heat exchanger designs. Fixed tube sheet heat exchangers are the one that are very much used in process chemical industries and refinery services, as there is absolutely no chance for intermixing of fluids. Most heat exchanger bundles contain supports that are many times likely targets for service type damage such as fretting, galvanic or oxygen concentration cell corrosion. Tetra pak tubular heat exchanger chd, chm for special applications, e. Heat exchanger hydrotesting procedures heat exchanger hydrotesting procedures turnaroundplanner. The heat exchanger bundle is inspected if required and then placed back into the shell. Advantages and disadvantages of fixed tube sheet heat exchanger advantages.
Industrial equipments, hyderabad exporter of floating. Heat exchangers can be classified according to mechanical constructional feature, mode of the heat transfer, flow configurations etc. A floating head exchanger is suitable for the rigorous duties associated with high temperatures and pressures but is more expensive typically of order of 25% for carbon steel construction than the equivalent fixed tubesheet exchanger. These are calculated using a pressure vessel design code such as the boiler and pressure vessel code from asme american society of mechanical engineers and the british master pressure vessel standard, bs 5500. Heat exchanger maintenance training animation types. Sep 10, 2015 following a recent survey of refinery operators from across the world tube tech international have compiled the top 10 cleaning and inspection challenges faced by the refining industry. Cn202614479u pressure testing fixture for floating head. Selection criteria, advantages and drawbacks of the different types. Sample activities for heat exchanger cleaning and inspection work. These standards include a threeletter designation of the exchanger type that specifies overall mechanical layout in the form. These products are extensively used for making other products. Floating head heat exchanger design tema api anson. Floating head heat exchanger is widely used for the service where the temperature is high between the shell and tube bundle, or the dirty service, like the petroleum refinery. Floating head heat exchanger on sales quality floating head.
84 1373 339 565 835 207 68 1147 1269 317 392 572 1481 1112 88 76 652 262 859 248 432 806 811 166 205 1444 652 451 1208 1252 1509 1120 65 1041 1419 1244 269 171 1100 724 31 505